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sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation
Cooperative
Research Project
Literature and Useful Links Civil SocietyViolence and New Wars. Globalisation of Uncertainty. Civil SocietyBooksAjawin, Yoanes / de Waal, Alex (edited) (2002): When Peace Comes: Civil Society and Development in Sudan. Lawrenceville/Asmara: The Red Sea Press.
Articles Badri, Balghis (2006): Feminist Perspectives in the Sudan, in: http://web.fu-berlin.de/gpo/pdf/tagungen/balghis_badri.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Boesen, Nils (2006): Governance and accountability – How do the Formal and Informal interplay and change. Paper prepared for the international Seminar on Informal Institutions and Development – What do we know and what can we do? In: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/52/38/37790183.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Deng, Francis M. (2006): Sudan: A Nation in Turbulent Search of Itself, in: The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 603, January 2006, pp. 155-162. Diamond, Larry (2002): Elections without democracy. Thinking about hybrid regimes, in: Journal of democracy, Vol. 13, Nr. 2, pp. 21-35. Eeckhout, Marion J. (2006): The disconnect between formal and informal institutions in the Tanzanian firm sector: no shortcut to a conducive investment climate. Paper prepared for the international Seminar on Informal Institutions and Development – What do we know and what can we do? In: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/52/17/37790446.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Faust, Jörg (2006): Are more democratic donor countries more development oriented? Domestic institutions and external development promotion in OECD-countries. DIE Discussion Paper No. 12/2006, German Development Institute, Bonn. In: http://www.die-gdi.de/die_homepage.nsf/6f3fa777ba64bd9ec12569cb00547f1b/fa3dec97006fa14ac12570fb002cc3ea/$FILE/DP-Faust-Internetfassung.pdf. Luckham / Goetz / Kaldor (2000): Democratic Institutions and Politics in Contexts of Inequality, Poverty, and Conflict, IDS Working Papers – 104, in: http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/bookshop/wp/wp104.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. Nanda, Ved P. (2006): The “Good Governance” concept revisited, in: The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 603, January 2006, pp. 269-283. Nicholas, Stephen/Maitland, Elizabeth (2006): Private sector development: how business interacts with informal institutions. Paper prepared for the international Seminar on Informal Institutions and Development – What do we know and what can we do? In: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/52/39/37790288.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. O`Donnell, Guillermo (2004): Why the rule of law matters, in: Journal of Democracy, Vol. 15, Nr. 4, October 2004, pp. 32-75. Rosen, Lawrence (2006): Expecting the Unexpected: Cultural Components of Arab Governance, in: The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 603, January 2006, pp. 163-178. Sen, Gita (2006): Informal institutions and gender equality. Paper prepared for the international Seminar on Informal Institutions and Development – What do we know and what can we do? In: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/53/37738408.pdf, April, 24th, 2007.
Internet Links The following internet link is suitable for information on civil society and gender studies: www.unsudanig.org
Gender profile of
the conflict in Sudan:
Articles and Reports Adar, K.G. / Yoh, J.G.N. / Maloka, E. (eds): Sudan Peace Process. Challenges and Future Prospects. Pretoria: Africa Institute. Cush Community Relief International (2004): The implementation modalities of the protocol on the resolution of the Abyei conflict (2004), in: http://www.cushcommunity.org/implementation-03.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Cush Community Relief International (2004): The implementation modalities of the protocol on the resolution of conflict in southern Kordofan and Blue Nile states (2004), in: http://www.cushcommunity.org/implementation-04.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Gambari, Ibrahim (2004): Texts and Reports – Development Policy and the armed Forces – Speeches and Issues Notes, in: http://www.inwent.org/ef-texte/military/gambari_2.htm, April, 24th, 2007. Grawert, Elke / El-Battahani, Atta (2007): Oil-cursed: The Peace Process in South Sudan, in: Development and Cooperation, No. 3 (2007), http://www.inwent.org/E+Z/content/archive-eng/03-2007/foc_art5.html, May, 25th, 2007.
Humanitarian Relief
Community (2005): The draft constitutional text (2005), in:
Institute for Security Studies (2004): List of corrections in the protocols and agreements (2004), in: http://www.iss.co.za/af/profiles/sudan/darfur/compax/corrlist.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Institute for Security Studies (2004): Implementation modalities and global implementation matrix and appendices (2004), in: http://www.iss.co.za/af/profiles/sudan/darfur/compax/a2.pdf, April, 24th, 2007.
Institute for Security Studies (2003): Agreement on
security arrangements during the interim period, in: Institute for Security Studies (2005): The comprehensive Peace Agreement between the government of the republic of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Sudan People’s Liberation Army, in: http://www.iss.co.za/af/profiles/sudan/darfur/compax/toc.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Institute for Security Studies (2005): Sudan Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), 9 January 2005, in: http://www.iss.co.za/af/profiles/Sudan/darfur/cpaprov.htm, April, 24th, 2007. Institute for Security Studies (2004): Agreement on Wealth sharing during the pre-interim and interim period, in: http://www.iss.co.za/AF/profiles/Sudan/sudanwealth04.pdf, April, 24th, 2007.
Institute for Security Studies (2004): Protocol between
the government of Sudan (GOS) and the Sudan Institute for Security Studies (2002): Machakos Protocol. IGAD “Secretariat on Peace in the Sudan”, in: http://www.iss.co.za/Af/RegOrg/unity_to_union/pdfs/igad/MachakosProt.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. International Crisis Group (2006): Sudan’s comprehensive peace agreement: The long road ahead, in: http://www.reliefweb.int/library/documents/2006/icg-sdn-31mar.pdf, April, 24th, 2007 Natsios, Andrew (2005): Implementing the comprehensive peace agreement in Sudan, in: Yale Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Summer / Fall 2005, pp. 89-98. Link: http://www.yale.edu/yjia/articles/Vol_1_Iss_1_Summer2005/Natsios3Final.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. Savage, Paul (2003): The crisis of governance and the challenge to peace in Sudan, in: http://www.christian-aid.org.uk/indepth/0305suda/sudan.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. United Nations (2005): Press Release. Sudan Peace agreement signed 9 January historic opportunity, Security Council told, in: http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2005/sc8306.doc.htm, April, 24th, 2007. United Nations, Security Council (2006): Report of the Secretary-General on the Sudan, in: http://daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N06/494/25/PDF/N0649425.pdf?OpenElement, April, 24th, 2007 United Nations, Security Council (2005): Resolution 1590, in: http://www.unmis.org/english/documents/resolutions/res1590.pdf, April, 24th, 2007. United States Institute of peace (2005): Agreement between the Government of the Sudan (GOS) and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLM/SPLA) on implementation modalities of the protocols and agreements, in: http://www.unsudanig.org/docs/Agreement%20between%20GoS%20and%20SPLM%20on%20Implemenation%20Modalities.pdf, April, 24th, 2007.
Links for news about the Sudan http://www.justiceafrica.org/bulletin.htm http://www.justiceafrica.org/blog/category/sudan/sudanbrief/ http://www.beyondintractability.org/
Books Adedeji, Adebayo (ed.) (1999): Comprehending and Mastering African Conflicts. The search for sustainable Peace and Good Governance. London & New York: Zed Books. Anderson, Mary (2001): Reflecting on the Practice of Outside Assistance: Can we know what good we do? in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/anderson_handbook.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Babiker, Mustafa (2006): Conflict and Conflict Reduction in Darfur. Some Initial Thoughts, in Ahmed, Abdel Ghaffar Mohamed & Manger, Leif (eds): Understanding the Crisis in Darfur. Listening to Sudanese Voices. Bergen: Centre for Development Studies: 43-53. Bächler, Günther (2001): Conflict Transformation through State Reform, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/baechler_handbook.pdf?LANG=e&id=52, April, 25th, 2007. Clements, Kevin (2004): Towards Conflict Transformation and a Just Peace, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/clements_handbook.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Department of Peace and Conflict Research (2006): Chad, http://www.pcr.uu.se/database/conflictSummary.php?bcID=233, May, 24th, 2007. Fischer, Martina (2003): Recovering from violent conflict: Regeneration and (Re-) Integration as Elements of Peacebuilding, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/fischer_handbook.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Grawert, Elke (1998): Making a Living in Rural Sudan. Production of Women, Labour Migration of Men, and Policies for Peasants' Needs. Basingstoke / London / New York: Macmillan / St. Martin's Press. Download. Johannsen, Agneta M. (2001): Participatory Action-Research in Post-Conflict Situations: The Example of the War-Torn Societies Project, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/johannsen_hb.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Ropers, Norbert (2003): From Resolution to Transformation: The Role of Dialogue Projects, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/ropers_handbook.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Senghaas, Dieter (2004): Civilizing Conflict: Constructive Pacifism as a Guiding Notion for Conflict Transformation, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/senghaas_handbook.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Sriram, Chandra Lekha/Wermester, Karin (ed.) (2003): From Promise to Practice. Strengthening UN Capacities for the Prevention of Violent Conflict. London: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Stavenhagen, Rodolfo (1996): Ethnic Conflicts and the Nation-State. London: Macmillan Press. Theissen, Gunnar (2004): Supporting justice, Co-existence and Reconciliation after Armed Conflict: Strategies for Dealing with the Past, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/theissen_handbook.pdf, April, 25th, 2007.
Articles Adesina, Olutayo C. (2002): “Federal property”: inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic conflicts, politics and the subversion of the public trough in Nigeria, 1980-2001. Leiden: Afrika Studie Centrum. Ahmed, Abdel Ghaffar Mohamed / Manger, Leif (eds): Understanding the Crisis in Darfur. Listening to Sudanese Voices. Bergen: Centre for Development Studies. Aning, Emmanuel Kwesi (1997): The international Dimensions of Internal Conflict: The case of Liberia and West Africa, in CDR Working paper 97.4. Bryceson, Deborah Fahy (1999): Review Article: Of Criminals and Clients: African Culture and Afro-Pessimism in a Globalized World. Leiden: Afrika-Studiecentrum. Chabedi, Marks (2002): The limits of a democratic transition: state, power, violence, crime and everyday life in post-apartheid Soweto. Leiden: Afrika Studie Centrum. Harir, S. (1994): “Arab Belt” versus “African Belt”. Ethno-political Conflict in Dar Fur and the Regional Cultural Factors', in S. Harir & T. Tvedt (eds) Shortcut to Decay. The Case of the Sudan, pp.144-185. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. HRW - Human Rights Watch (2007): ”They Came Here to Kill Us”. Militia Attacks and Ethnic Targeting of Civilians in Eastern Chad, http://hrw.org/reports/2007/chad0107/, May, 24th, 2007. Hutchinson, S.E. & Jok, J.M. (1999): Sudan's Prolonged Civil War and the Militarization of Nuer and Dinka Identities, African Studies Review 42 (2): 125-146. Jackson, Richard (2002): The social Construction of Internal War: Towards a Framework of Understanding, presented at “Cultures of Violence”, 3rd Global Conference: Diversity within Unity, 12-16 August, 2002, Prague, Czech Republic. Internet Link: http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/jackson%20paper.pdf. Johnson, D.H. (2005): The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars. Indiana: University Press. Mathieu, Marilou (2002): Corruption et aide au développement. Le cas de la cooperation italo-senegalaise. Leiden: Afrika Studie Centrum. Mehler, Andreas (2003): German Post-Conflict Reconstruction Efforts in Africa: Are the Relevant Questions Addressed, in: German Foreign Policy in Dialogue, Vol. 4, No. 10, pp. 6-11. Migdal, J.S. (1994): The State in Society: An Approach to Struggles for Domination, in A. Migdal, A. Kohli & V. Shue (eds) State Power and Social Forces. Domination and Transformation in the Third World, 7-36. Cambridge: University Press. Obianyo, Nkolika E. (2002): Police corruption and the emergence of civil vigilante services in Nigeria. A case study of Anambra state. Leiden: Afrika Studie Centrum. Overhaus, Marco (2003): Editorial: Germany and the Conundrums of Post-Conflict Reconstruction, in: German Foreign Policy in Dialogue, Vol. 4, No. 10, pp. 1-5. Pratten, David / Gore, Charles (2002): The politics of Plunder: The rhetorics of order and disorder in Southern Nigeria. Leiden: Afrika Studie Centrum. Prunier, G. (2005): Darfur. The Ambiguous Genocide. London: Hust & Company. Shaw, Timothy M. (1986): Ethnicity as the Resilient Paradigm for Africa: From the 1960s to the 1980s, in: Development and Change, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 587-605. Stephen, Michael (1995): Ethnocide – Discourse and Perceptions, in: Review of Political Economy, No. 65, pp. 367-371. Studdard, K. (2004): War Economies in a Regional Context: Overcoming the Challenges of Transformation, Policy Report of the International Peace Academy, http://www.ipacademy.org/pdfs/WARECONOMIES.pdf, May, 24th, 2007. Sudan Multidonor Trust Funds (2005): First progress report July 1 – December 31, 2005, Khartoum, Juba: World Bank technical secretariats, http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRMDTF/Resources/MDTF_Progress_FINAL_Feb_28.pdf#search=%22%20site%3Asiteresources.worldbank.org%20GoNU%20GoSS%20MDTF%22, May, 24th, 2007.
Internet Links Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management: http://www.berghof-handbook.net/ Conciliation Resources: http://www.c-r.org/ Uppsala Conflict Database: http://www.pcr.uu.se/database/ Global Security: http://www.globalsecurity.org/
BooksLoane, Geoff / Moyroud, Céline (eds) (2001): Tracing Unintended Consequences of Humanitarian Assistance: The Case of Sudan. Field Study and Recommendations for the European Community Humanitarian Office. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft. Ferris, Elizabeth G. (1992): The Challenge to Intervene: A New Role for the United Nations? Uppsala: Life and Peace Institute. Riehl, Volker (2001): Who is ruling South Sudan? The Role of NGOs in rebuilding socio-political order, in: Studies on Emergencies and Disaster Relief. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. ArticlesExecutive Board of the United Nations Development Programme and of the United Nations Population Fund (2002): Second country cooperation for Sudan (2002-2006), in: http://www.undp.org/execbrd/archives/sessions/eb/2nd-2002/DP-CCF-SUD-2.pdf, May, 4th, 2007. Falk, Richard (1999): The New Intervention and the Third World, in: Current History, Vol. 98, Nov. 1999, pp. 370-375. Gore, Wani Paul et al (2004): Eight Grassroots conflicts in Sudan. Khartoum: UNICEF. Jambo, Sapana Ibrahim (prepared by) (May-July 1997): The development Strategy for Southern Sudan, in: National development Foundation Khartoum. Horn of Africa Bulletin (2003): Sudan, in: Horn of Africa Bulletin, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 27-34. Horn of Africa Bulletin (2003): Sudan, in: Horn of Africa Bulletin, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 30-36. OECD (2001): The DAC Guidelines Helping Prevent Violent Conflict, in: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/15/54/1886146.pdf May, 4th, 2007. Omaar, Rakiy/de Waal, Alex (1994): Humanitarianism Unbound? Current Dilemmas facing Multi-Mandate Relief Operations in Political Emergencies. Discussion Paper No. 5, African Rights. Santiso, Carlos (2002): The Role of the United Nations Development Programme in Post-Conflict Peace-Building, in: Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol. 34, Issue 3, pp. 555-586. UNICEF / UNDP / MOHE (2002): Conflict Survey and Mapping Analysis. Khartoum: UNICEF. United Nations’ Country Team in Sudan (2006): United Nations Sudan Situation Report, Link: http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/SODA-6SV74Y?OpenDocument&rc=1&emid=ACOS-635PJQ. Young, John (2003): Sudan: Liberation movements, Regional Armies, Ethnic Militias & Peace, in: Review of African Political Economy, No. 97, pp. 423-434.
Internet Links InterGovernmental Authority on Development: http://www.igad.org/ Information on Sudans’ administrative divisions (population and area), Government etc.: http://www.world-gazetteer.com/r/r_sd.htm http://www.nationmaster.com/country/su-sudan/gov-government http://www.ifad.org/nena/studies/sudan/sd_544.htm
Violence and New Wars. Globalisation of Uncertainty. Books Bure, Benaiah Yongo (2005): Peace Dividend and the Millennium Development Goals in Southern Sudan. Bremen: Sudan Economy Research Group Discussion Papers. Link: http://www.iwim.uni-bremen.de/publikationen/pdf/serg36.pdf. Jok, Madut Jok (2001): War and slavery in Sudan. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Obi, Cyril I. (2004): The Oil Paradox: Reflection on the Violent Dynamics of Petro-Politics and (Mis)Governance in Nigeria’s Niger Delta. Leipzig: University of Leipzig Papers on Africa. Reno, William (2001): Foreign Firms, Natural Resources and Violent Political Economies. Leipzig: University of Leipzig Papers on Africa.
Articles Collier, Paul (2004): Development and Conflict. Oxford University, in: http://www.un.org/esa/documents/Development.and.Conflict2.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Collier, Paul/Hoeffler, Anke (2001): Greed and Grievance in Civil War, in: http://www.worldbank.org/research/conflict/papers/greedgrievance_23oct.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Collier, Paul/Hoeffler, Anke (2005): Democracy and Resource Rents, in: Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 625-633. European Coalition on Oil in Sudan (ECOS) (2006): Oil development in northern upper Nile, Sudan. A preliminary investigation by the European Coalition on Oil in Sudan. Utrecht, in: http://www.ecosonline.org/back/pdf_reports/2006/ECOS%20Melut%20Report%202006/ECOS%20Melut%20Report%20final%20-text%20only.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. International Monetary Fund (2005): Sudan: Midyear Review of the 2005 Staff-Monitored Program, in: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2005/cr05430.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Mamdani, M. (1996): Citizen and Subject. Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton: University Press. OECD (2006): Democratisation and violent conflict, in: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/40/47/35033677.pdf, April, 25th, 2007. Patey, Luke A. (2006): DIIS Report 2006. Copenhagen: Danish Institute for International Studies, http://www.ecosonline.org/back/pdf_reports/2006/reports/diis%20report%20030200628.txt, April, 25th, 2007. Sudan Update (1995): Reports: Peoples. Darfur, in: http://www.sudanupdate.org/REPORTS/PEOPLES/Darf.htm, April, 25th, 2007. Woodward, Peter (2002): Peace and elite non-oil economic interests. Brussels: 12-13 June 2002, Transforming the Economy of War in Sudan, in: http://www.bicc.de/events/sudanws/7woodward16june02.pdf, April, 25th, 2007.
Internet Links http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3098&src2=PJA05
Books Apuuli, Kasaija Philip (2003): IGAD’s protocol on Conflict Early Warning and Response Mechanism (CEWARN). A ray of hope in conflict prevention, in: Nhema, A.G. (ed.) (2003): The Quest for Peace in Africa. Transformations, democracy and public policy. Addis Ababa: OSSREA, pp. 73-92. Brown / Cotè / Lynn-Jones / Miller (eds.) (2001): Theories of War and Peace. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Carment, David / Schnabel, Albrecht (eds.) (2003): Conflict Prevention: Path to Peace of Grand Illusion? Tokyo, New York: United Nations University Press. Fombad, Charles Manga (2003): Prospects for Peace Building through Truth Commissions in Africa, in: Nhema, A.G. (ed.) (2003): The Quest for Peace in Africa. Transformations, democracy and public policy. Addis Ababa: OSSREA, pp. 189-219. Grant, J. Andrew / Söderbaum, Fredrik (eds) (2003): The New Regionalism in Africa. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Johnson, Douglas H. (2003): The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars. Oxford: The International African Institute. Loane, Geoff / Moyroud, Céline (eds) (2001): Tracing Unintended Consequences of Humanitarian Assistance: The case of Sudan. Baden-Baden: Nomos. Mohamed Salih, M.A. (2001): African Democracies & and African Politics. London: Pluto Press. Nhema, Alfred G. (2003): Introduction, in: Nhema, A.G. (ed.) (2003): The Quest for Peace in Africa. Transformations, democracy and public policy. Addis Ababa: OSSREA, pp. 11-21. Okoth, Pontian Godfrey (2003): Conflict Management in Post-cold War Africa. The role of international actors, in: Nhema, A.G. (ed.) (2003): The Quest for Peace in Africa. Transformations, democracy and public policy. Addis Ababa: OSSREA, pp. 73-92. Riehl, Volker (2001): Who is Ruling in South Sudan? The role of NGOs in rebuilding socio-political order, in: Studies on Emergencies and Disaster Relief No. 9. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. Wils/ Hopp / Ropers/ Vimalarajah / Zunzer (2006): The Systemic Approach to Conflict Transformation. Concepts and Fields of Application, in: Berghof Foundation for Peace Support.
Articles Collaborative Learning Projects (2004): The Do No Harm Handbook (The Framework for Analyzing the Impact of Assistance on Conflict), in: http://www.cdainc.com/dnh/docs/DoNoHarmHandbook.pdf. Deng, Francis M. (2000): Race and Culture. Prejudice and denial in Sudanese society, in: Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World, January, Vol. 9, No. 97. Eckert, Julia (2005): The Politics of Security, in: Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology: Working Paper No. 76. Eckert, Julia (2005): The Trimurti of the State: State Violence and the Promises of order and destruction, in: Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology: Working Paper No. 80. Inter Africa Group / Justice Africa (???): The African Union and Peace and security, in: Issues Paper for African Symposium: http://www.uneca.org/adfiii/docs/issuepn3.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. Reimann, Cordula (2004): Towards Conflict Transformation: Assessing the State-of-the-Art in Conflict Management – Reflections from a Theoretical Perspective, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management (2004): Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/reimann_handbook.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. Studdard, Kaysie (2004): War Economies in a Regional Context: Overcoming the challenges of Transformation. IPA Policy Report. New York: International Peace Academy, in: http://www.ipacademy.org/pdfs/WARECONOMIES.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. OECD (2001): The DAC Guidelines Helping Prevent Violent Conflict, in: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/15/54/1886146.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. Rubin, Barnett R. (2001): Talk to an IPA-sponsored meeting fort the UN Security Council on Regional Approaches to Conflict Management in Africa, in: http://www.cic.nyu.edu/archive/pdf/Talk%20to%20an%20IPA.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. Sheffer, Gabriel (2003): The Study of Ethnic Conflict Resolution, in: Migration 42, pp. 5-26. UNDP (2005): Human Development Report (2005): Violent conflict—bringing the real threat into focus, in: http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/2005/pdf/HDR05_chapter_5.pdf, May, 23rd, 2007. Wassara, S.S. (2002): Conflict and the State in the Horn of Africa: Militarization and Civilian Groups, African Journal of Political Science 7 (2). Young, J. (2003): Sudan: Liberation Movements, Regional Armies, Ethnic Militias & Peace, Review of African Political Economy, 97: 423-434.
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